TABLE OF CONTENTS rf^ a n e POLITICS;— Englix) .i ' Nicholas to His Holiness Uau* 1<,pkncss and Irish TrucuMr. \ A ’r ' ' “ttTr' O'Connell and the With Mr. O’Meally •* p,*os,; •and Prince Metternicli .. the Or,8 the French Catholics at ■^‘Uth ^enlng of the Session .. (*Ua C°mes out sometimes from a PectJ, whence it is least ex^ w s : _ ............................... *i*ito p 0^Expeditions of Discovery lai1(i ^0ntl'ul Australia, and Overling Adelaide to King CatK^f-s Sound—The Illustrated pa:f, lc Family Bible — The Point Catholics on Certain Ma ^8.°f Controversy—The Union feazine—The Antiquarian and Page Agricultural Year Book — Richmond, and other Poems, bv C. Ellis—Mores Catholici, Part XIV. —The Catholic Directory—The Orthodox Journal—Westminster Abbey, and other Poems, by Owen Howell—The Clavic Attachment— The Duty of Government and People at the Present Crisis ARTS:— Institute o f the Fine Arts—Car­ penter's Ilall—Architectural Ituins in the Caroline Isles .. CATHOLIC INTELLIGENCE:— Letter from Mr. Pugin—Notes of the Church— Preaching of the Rev. ML J. Irons—The Present Position of the Catholic Church—Verses by 1). French, Esq.—Song—Poverty— The Catholic's Christmas Eve Provincial :— Brighton — EUingham — Oldham — TABLE OF CONTENTS. Preston—Birmingham Scotland :— Catholic Education—The Highlands —The Church in the High­ lands .. .................................. 7 Ireland : — Protest of the Priests of Clovne and Page i Ross—New College, Belfast—The Best Police — Right Rev. Dr. Hughes, of New York — New Catholic Chapel at Charlemont .. ... .. .. .. 0 Colonial :— India—Calcutta—Singapore — Ceylon —Manilla—Nova Scotia—Halifax— Malt# ............................... 10 Foreign Rome—Spain— Pittsburg—Chicago— Philadelphia.......................... I3 FOREIGN&COLONIAL INTELLIGENCE : DOMESTIC NEWS Court and Fashionable Lirs PUSEYISM :— The Evangelicnl Alliance MISCELLANEA PERSONAL MATTERS :— IRELAND POLITICAL:— Loyal National Repeal Association_ Thomas Steele, Esq., in the Chair —Contributions—ML S. O'Brien— Mr. John O'Connell and the T ablet — The London Repealers, &c........................................ TA i 'w l)i Il L TS AND OFFENCES LAW ANI) POLICE :— R AILMrAY INTELLIGENCE •— REPEAL IN GREAT BRIT MN — T EMPERANCE A ' NAVAL AND MILITARY NFWS MONEY MARKET AND CTTY NFW<J MARKETS . . . .. GAZETTES ................................. * ADVERTISEMENTS......................... Pag 15 1ft lft i • iG VOL. VII. No. 29G. SATURDAY, JANUARY 3, 1846. P r ice 6 d . ten th D i p v i s i t A t the est i0r O F N IC H O L A S T O H IS H O L IN E S S . present moment the great topic o f in all Catholics throughout the w orld, is L o r J 1?:1 ° f the Emperor N icholas to Rome. Rojjp ui the Emperor A id i fear°anj ,uSl>t o f and talked of, rmPen Jrope, it is now a by -g on e event. The looked to with has visited His I lo l i - RternJVp? Vatican ; has spent five days in the *■ f ' t y ; and, at length, has cleared the air o f "is (]e Malaria b y passing through its gates on W e anu re io r F lorence. Nichoiare llaPPy to have to record that after all Public * i “ . » ° t greeted w ith illum inations and seve^i Lioicings, as had been fa lsely stated in So a, continental jou rnals, Catholic and other. a c c o , . - J ea.st we gather from the most recent spec; L 8 that have yet been published. N o tyr a* tnarlc o f respect w'as shown to the august bri *’ e ’ ther b y the Roman Government or by I, 'a te individuals. T h e Emperor visited the °P ° twice, hut I lis Holiness did not return the Compliment . I f a letter from Florence, copied from ’ ae Journaldes D ibats, may he credited, his reception by the inhabitants o f R om e wTas cold and satisfactory. equally ’ H T - !n his promenades through Rome was *lHdJ P a'a g,a,i Paletot< an(l was attended by an Me-de-camp dressed in plain clothes. Although he fs v & ed ni,ufh Sfaerosity, and although lie made like»lLPhUrC, ‘ af^ m i ‘ atUeS’ Painti»KS, mosaics, and Roman nm<'h ? .onef in works o f charity, the a Verv P°Pula,lon gave him in general a cold and not cmar/ «Pwtful reception. I am assured thar, particarriao- V , e Promena^e of the Pincio, where his s*luted 1? ,1Iowed the <i'e of epuipages, he was neither uneoverV1. any exclamation, nor did the pedestrians Popular * ‘eir heads. This demeanour of the Roman ton appeared much to astonish the Emperor. R " ould appear, therefore, that from the ttiost n P°Pu^at*0p> unlike the English, the nthoma T'ecuniary. liberality could not extort any the l ;~ j" j'ir adn?.'rat' on f ° r the F lo gger o i Monien •Up _ 1 | — —r v ^ c 1 **1 ,, wiiiv.it , o f Min i e r ° i °^an<^’ T orturer and Murderer arising! ’ and , vayious other places. T h e Roman hay« an . * ie -^onian populace appear to nature ° lDX n ° h ° ns o f the dignity o f human (ip n ‘ . , , ur, English aristocracy, Protestant and ard e , l n C h r ,,C’ hc,ked the dust before a w ellPfesentnH " eri Uu and weal% ruffian. The restire extort p l°^ ^rute ,orce and accumulated treaty appreciate r i ' erenceL prom minds so w ell fitted athourit of rcvp'eni ® ? erJr '» an has a certain hut men iliflv... L ' 1Ce and awe in his composition, passed at the conference, but we are happy' to say that in an A llo cu tion speedily to he published, it is expected that the substance o f what passed w ill he communicated to the world. A l l accounts agree in commending the frank, forcible, and dignified tone adopted by His Holiness in his remonstrances with his Imperial visitor. T h e visit was sought by the latter, hut it was assented to by the venerable Head o f the Catholic Church, as affording an opportunity- fo r a v igorous and emphatic exposition to the Emperor in person o f the perfidies and horrors o f his reign. F o r the present, and in the absence o f any authentic inform ation, we abstain from quoting details which may, o r may not, be accurate. F o r these, such as we have been able to collect them from various sources, we refer to another c o lu m n ; mid, for the present, we on ly dwell upon wliat, b y common consent, is said to have been the result o f the interview. T h e language employed by’ the H o ly Father is said to have produced a great impression on the mind o f the Emperor. “ H e was much affected at these words ” says one account. “ He clasped the hand l( . Holiness, which he kissed most affecu hbbaffily. R e then promised to act in conu loroH ty with the wishes o f the Pope, and w ith d r e w . ” The language o f H is Holiness to the Czar, sayrs another account, “ was firm , affec“ tionate, and severe, hut profoundly m e la n ch o ly ; “ and produced, it is said, a strong impression “ upon the Emperor N icholas.” “ L ik e all the “ princes o f his race,” says a writer in the Times, “ the Emperor N icholas is abrupt and violent in “ his feelings, and consequently he frequently “ abuses his inordinate power. But we are dis“ posed to believe that he is not a stranger to “ generous impulses, and that the touching lan* “ gnygc o f the Pope, appealing directly to those “ principles o f temporal and spiritual power which “ the Emperor o f Russia enthusiastically p ro“ fesses, was em inently calculated to affect him. “ Such is certainly the impression his visit has “ left at Rome. F o r the first time in his life he “ listened with patience to a declaration o f b ig h t “ sanctified in his eyes b y that venerable cha“ racter which even the Eastern Church acknow“ ledges in the successor o f St. Peter, and accom“ panied by circumstances which may, we trust, “ mitigate the asperity o f his policy; and bring “ more forcibly’ to his mind the duties and obliga“ tions o f a Christian Sovereign.” excite and ac^u’n tPe qualities which ^nglana w ho & d ° ^ % s; T h e people o f 1 ir .................... -. ------ - feel shores a ! j ° " Ild N icholas, welcomed « m e with one <,(' « . ,d S m e fu l ly associated h apeCld' ar *aste'in t W P° pular ■ome With on» . gratetulk- »«sociated his patronises horse-racing j ,resPect. jew els, has his purse fu l l , ¿¿sn la.rgely diversions, A. man who titudes w ithout‘fear o f cmVt'Ldièn dr,k'r''f ^ n m L respects conducts liim self like a Sove’r and in ail do in the world, is sure to command thè®” ," 'e11 to enthusiasm o f this nation, in spite o f a n y ^ f Peccadilloes on the score o f murder, fe r o c i t à a or such like small offences. Money, wealth, power Uuder any shape and under all conditions, arè deeply valued by us. I f a railway speculator has enriched h im self to the tu n e o f a million or tw o in the course o f a few short years, it is the etiquette i ° present him w ith some additional thousands by way o f a testimonial whereby to express our ^miration at the naked fact o f a successful accu^ ulation of wealth. Is it, therefore, to be won am6d at’ t ' lat " h e n an Emperor presents himself ^mongst us, who, whatever his crimes, is at least tPanSled over with all kinds o f successes to an ex0j , 1 which no railway speculator can dare dream sh’o °L r ladies and gentlemen, more particularly, b lort do.ck arouncl him like devotees, to kiss the rcjj Gained and clotted fingers, as i f they were *han8 ° f tlle most anSel*c sanctity ? I t seems they ahd a^C ^ ese things rather differently in Rome, rev *Uake another application o f their feelings of P'aLiteTlC-' and awe' These differences o f national Oc,., s " 'h i sometimes occur ; but where they’ do ^W u , '10 true-born Briton can hesitate in asserting tilth e custo,u o f England is the model which p e world ought to follow . <*was8mg, however, from mobs to monarchs, we t h ^ . t o the business-part o f the Emperor’ s visit,. Is>to his interviews with the H o ly Father *act account has yet been published o f what Dear, good, generous Nicholas, h ow much is to he hoped tor from a heart touched and affected as his has been ! T h e good man is the victim o f hasty impulses. He is all feeling. N o t from ca l culation o r policy, hut from h o t -b lood and a wayward fancy do his acts proceed. T h e worst p o r t io n s ,o f his policy, his most far-reaching calculations, his longest-sustained efforts o f duplicity;, are anything but the result o f system, but are extemporised, like the boots ot Matthews’s shoemaker, in a fit o f enthusiasm. I f the heart o f such a man could once he louched— i f his feelings could be directed aright— i f the hot and fiery locom otive power within him cou ld be once set ° o the right rail, then, o f course, w ithout effort, with absolute certainty', the remainder o f his i.°ttrney would be most unexceptionable and satistai ctor 1on What a great and pregnant resu lt ! Let fortun lloPL‘ that the Supreme P on t iff has been tq t h e " ’’ " “ ugh to produce such a result, and that added tpri4UmPhs o f this Pontificate may yet he that a repentant and converted Czar. Meantime done w h a te v e rL , lnS is certain- T h e Tope has it with firmness -ln his Power to d o _ h a s done can learn, he h k f e ’ . and ^ ? ° iar- “ f e r ^ ^ rnr Tip l * acIe compromise with the h . t u c . f i,„t have Fa au" o f the sincerity; o f the promises tha,nha' ^ br^ o made him. W hat he has done has _ o f " " ¡ li8,cr ld God and V icar o f Christ, in - . ‘" k e and warning. He has made N ic • _ f t,lr' face o f Europe the part o f a public l'^ ^ H e has not, it is true, like the glorious Gregory of the eleventh century> placed his foot upon ti'ie “ o f an humbled miscreant, hut with such sy 11 1 as are adinissahle in this age, he, a weak old man, who can hardly maintain him self in his o " ’n temporal dominions against the rebellion of his own subjects, has com pelled the monarch o f the widest w orld ly empire to confess his e r r o r ; to make a public profession o f repentance; and to g ive, at the lowest, simulated promises o f amendment. I t is not fou r y’ears since this same Emperor was held up to the world by this same Pontiff, and was proved by documents under his own hand, to be a man o f the most boundless and shameless perfidy, as well as a ru th less persecutor on the largest scale, These things were proved. A n appeal was made tf^the whole civilised w orld. N o t one w ord o f denial o r defence has been put forward : and now it is our happiness to behold the perfidious monster prostrate before his accuser, and avowing his guilt, though no doubt disgracing h im self b y hypocritical pretences o f repentance. In this change o f scime a great lesson is con ta in ed ; and from it, i f the future policy o f the Vatican be as firm and v igorous as we have a right to e xp e c t , g r ea t results may fo l low . havs been purchased, and the hour o f the re •commencement o f persecution would have been pushed a little further off. But the great hope of real benefit is from the creation throughout Europe by various means o f a general and profound understanding o f the designs and purposes o f Russia. T o be h a l f disarmed against her victim s both within and without, Russia needs on ly to he wholly' known. T h e power o f an uniform and rooted abhorrence o f her miscreant policy would penetrate even into her blackest forests and most sterile wastes. She, too, close as are the barriers that seal up her frontiers from the rest o f the world, cannot w h o lly isolate herself trom the public opinion o f that world o f which she is the common enemy. T h e exposure o f her designs, the delineation of them in their true colours, and the procuring belief to the truth in these respects, would be the best protection to those within and w ithout her territory against whom she wages war. Not, to be sure, that we g ive any credit to the Emperor’s professions o f amendment, or that we look otherwise than with contempt upon those who affect to believe that he is a mere impulsive barbarian, whose heart may have been softened and his policy thereby rectified. This is a sort o f result which, unless a miracle has been wrought, no sane man who knows the facts can anticipate fo r a moment. God, it is true, may have touched hia heart as he touched the hearts o f other barbarians who advanced against, o r who sacked R om e ; but, unfortunately, what we knorv is that the whole life o f this Emperor lias been a life o f perfidies enacted against R om e under precisely similar circumstances as the touching scene we have described. The reign o f N icholas has been, among other aggressions, the reign o f systematic assaults upon the Catholic Church, pursued w ithout conscience; at the expense of treaties; by the aid o f the most subtle and continuous c ra ft ; making light o f every form o f treachery; and doing a hundred times on paper, or through am bassadors, what the Monster has now done in his own person. T h e guilt that has been perpetrated — i f we are to believe the sentimentalists— has been repented o f and promises o f amendment made. But a la s! it has been done, repented o f, and sn’ orn to be amended times w ithout number. T h e w-hole N ext week we hope to be able to say a few words on the historical grounds fo r putting no faith whatever in the Arcadian theories which we have quoted above. In the meantime, we conclude with repeating that, fo r a far different reason, we feel infinitely consoled with wliat has ju st taken place in R om e . S inning against almost every other European Power, N icholas has heard ,‘ the truth from that alone which, in temporal force, is the weakest. B y this Power, weak in temporal, strong in spiritual authority, he has now twice been called to account in a solemn and emphatic manner, once through a public and written im peachment o f his Government, now through a personal appeal to himself. T o that written im peachment, which proved him stained w ith the blackest crimes and the meanest vices, he pleaded gu ilty by an undignified silence. T o this personal appeal he has pleaded guilty after a more audible fashion. He has set the seal on his own past c r i minality', and he has given the world at large a criterion by which the most stupid and the most foolish w ill be able to ju dgohereafter the misdeeds o f hinhseli and his Government. tissue o f the reign has been uniform in this respect, and in every act and scene o f duplicity' a personal part has been borne by' this very’ Emperor, o f whom, it is hoped, that the Pope’s word has now softened him. B u t though this has been fo r fifteen years a personal wickedness o f N icholas, it is by no means an affair o f persons in any other sense. T lie enemy o f R om e in Russia is not Nicholas, but Russia herself; that is, the traditional g o vernors o f R u ss ia ; the system o f administration which is handed down from father to son, from Cabinet to Cabinet, from generation to generation; and which is substantially’ and essentially’ the same whether the throne beoccupied by; amadman, a woman, a bigot, or an unbeliever. I t is the longsuffering and persevering policy' o f a P ow er which sometimes temporises w ith her objects, but never abandons th em ; which uses all instruments and all principles for the purposes o f her own aggrandisement ; which in one country plays at revolutions in order to overturn thrones and secure conquests; w'hich in another pretends to abhor revolntions and support tottering thrones in order to divide and weaken w’ith a view to the same u lt imate resu lt ; which is by turns liberal and illib eral; tolerant and fanatic; religious and sceptical; according to the aspect o f affairs w ith w’hich she has to d e a l ; w-hose existence has been a perpetual chain o f diplomatic o r military; aggressions; loosening, dissolving, absorbing everything around her, and gradually breaking down with fearful and systematic precision every obstacle within her to the development o f her ow n barbarous unity. This is the power against which R om e has to struggle. In dealing with it she has to deal with a power which, whatever may' be the frailties o f individuals, knows no remorse, no rest, no stop in itsdesigns; which may be humane from policy, h »1 never from ju s t ice ; which no law and n o treaty' can bind one step beyond the dictates o f necessity or expediency; and which has not in it the faculty o l repentance. I f N icholas were touched and rendered contrite by' the finger o f God using the words and the voice o f this o ld and venerable Pontiff, what would it avail the Catholics o f the Russian empire ? A few y'ears o f respite would E N G L I S H M E E K N E S S A N D IR IS H T R U C U L E N C E . There are certain politicians who would reduce the problem o f squaring political accounts to a v e ry simple formula. These are pre-eminently’, in their own opinion, Christian politicians, and they’ are distinguished by nothing so much as by a certain exquisite and peculiar facility' o f forget fulness. A ccording to them, it is a crim e to remember from the past anything that has been unpleasant. T h e y hate disagreeable reminiscences; abominate everything in the shape, even, o f ju st in d ignation; would fain persuade all men that all men have m ilk and water in their veins instead o f b lood ; and would disavow the records o f the past as suitable elements o f political calculation. T h ey \yould set o f f modern domestic charities against ancient political crimes, and the p ro o f o f a traditional and continuing in iquity they annihilate b y recurring fondly to some recent distribution o f hone-soup. F o r instance, i f y ou argue upon the evil tend en cy 'o i an English Government fo r Ireland, by precedents drawn from the barbarity o f past times that has been transformed into the more plausible treachery o f the present, y ou are told at once o f the want o f religion displayed in these appeals to ancient feuds, and are checked by a pious and Pharisaical reference to some small modern and irrelevant act o f charity'. T hat the dominion o f England in Ireland has been one o f continued o p pression ; that the active inhumanity ot an earlier age has been replaced by the equally' active treachery or haughty indifference o f the p resent; that England has fo r centuries been trying her hand at the task o f governing Ireland; that she has, in political authority', at least, been its sole governor fo r so long a period ; that her govern­ ment, whether through positive malevolence or gross ignorance, has proved in every' year o f it a total and ignom inious failure ; that as far as any' substantial result is concerned, she has made no progress in the art o f governing Ireland w e l l ; that under the shade o f her laws and her administration o f them, famine lias been the ch ie f crop ; tlia her intervention, dividing, distracting, holding asunder, has prevented all approach towards a