X 4 Yol. XXII., N0. 1114. LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 17, 1861. (STAM PED, SIXPENCE. (UN STAMPED FIVEPENCE. & u m m a r g . -------oo------ The election for South Lancashire takes place this day, Saturday, the 17th, and, whatever be the result, we are happy to know that a great number o f Catholics will vote for the Conservative candidate. Mr. Turner, against the Liberal candidate, Mr. Clieet ham. Some Catholics will vote for Mr. Cheetham and among them, if they have county votes, the Liverpool Catholic Club, which has put out a singular resolution adopted at a general meeting “ That while on principles strongly disapproving of certain views and opinions expressed by Mr. Cheetham, the Liberal candidate for the southern division of Lancashire, nevertheless, in making an election between the two gentlemen present before the constituency, this meeting is decidedly of opinion that it is the duty of every Catholic to aid in securing the return of Mr. Cheetham as the only exponent of those liberal views and principles in home legislation with which Catholics in this country have ever been zealously identified, and which they hold to bo especially sacred in all the things affecting religious rights and freedom of con science.” W e do not imagine that this resolution will in fluence many voters, or much affect the candidates chances ; for the local press tells us that the ch ie f territorial magnates among the Catholics o f Lancashire, as well as the chief Catholic representatives o f the commercial wealth and greatness o f Lancashire, oppose the Liberal candidate. A t any rate the Liverpool Catholic Club have a right to please themselves, and since they feel it their duty to support Mr. Cheetham both the Conservative and the Liberal candidates will have Catholic supporters. W e are not sorry for it. I t is far better that Ca tholies should vote on opposite sides than that they should all vote for the.Liberals, and it is far better that they should act up to their own convictions like men, and give practical effect to their opinions by voting on opposite sides, than commit such an act o f moral cowardice and political suicide, as was recommended to them by the Northern Press, which advised them t o take no part at all in the election, as they could not all agree to vote on the same side. As lon g as the world lasts Catholics, like other men, will differ in p o l i t ic s ; some will be for change, and some will be against it ; some will have democratic leanings, and others will have aristocratic preferences some will trust, and some will distrust the same statesman ; some will think most o f the individual candidates, and some will think most o f the party leaders, whose policy the candidates will support. As politicians the Catholic body has now attained its majority. I t is out o f its leading strings. W c have both Conservatives and Liberals amongst us, and therefore we ought, all o f us, to be prepared to back our own opinions, and seek to make them prevail by fair means, without quarrelling with one another because we don ’ t succeed in winning one another over. Our own opinion o f this Lancashire election is, that the governing consideration is not a comparison o f the individual peculiarities o f the two candidates, but a comparison o f the political leaders whom each o f them will follow and support. Neither Mr. Turner nor Mr. Cheetham is a politician o f mark. But one o f them will support Lord Palmerston, who is the Liberal minister in office, and therefore we should vote against him ; the other will certainly begin by opposing Lord Palmerston, and therefore wo should vote for him. In all probability he will end by supporting Lord D erby when that nobleman comes in to office, and i f we compare the merits and demerits o f Lord Palmerston, the Minister actually in possession, with the merits and demerits o f Lord Derby, who has at present only a reversionary interest in L ord Palmerston’s place, we should still, as at present advised, give the preference to Lord D erby’s supporter. This decision would, o f course, depend only on a balance in Lord D erby’s favour, after due consideration o f many pros and cons ; but there is one consideration, which o f itself would turn the scale, and that is, the importance which we attach to the difference between the foreign policy o f these noble lords. Lord Palmerston is the chief patron o f Continental revolution, infidelity, injustice and tyranny ; the hope and mainstay o f the Pope’s enemies ; a firebrand, a plotter, a subvertcr o f all the principles o f authority and order, a violator o f the law o f n ation s ; JS r1’t Se° er®fiy speaking, the ringleader o f mischief. O f Lord Derby it is enough to say fo r the present, that he is notjobnoxious to these charges, and therefore is entitled to a preference. The Liverpool Catholic Club, however is decidedly o f opinion that it is the duty o f every Catholic to aid in securing the return o f Mr. Cheetham, o f certain views and opinions o f whom they strongly disapprove on principle. But they don’ t say that they feel it to be their duty as Catholics to support him, because on principle they strongly disapprove o f these views and opinions. They have another reason, and they give it— viz., that as between M r. Cheetham and Mr. T urner, M r. Cheetham is “ the only exponent o f those Liberal views and principles in home legislation with which Catholics in this country have ever been zealously identified, and which they hold t o be especially sacred in all the things affecting religious rights and freedom o f conscience.” W e are bound to presume that the Liverpool Club meant to say something by this, and thought that they had said it. But to appreciate their meaning duly it must first bo ascertained. N ow that is not quite easy. W e must look at the facts which they allege. W e must look at the conclusions at which thev arrive. W e must try to find a connection between their decision and the grounds on which they rest it. The train o f reasoning seems to be this ; first, they assert as a proposition o f fact that there are Liberal ' ’ ieivs and principles in homo legislation with which Catholics in this country have ever been zealously identified, and which-they, i.e., Catholics hold to be 5 ® lslly sacred - ih all the things affecting religious = its and freedom o f conscience. * ficondly, that o f the tw o candidates, Mr, Cheetham is the only exponent o f these Liberal views and prin ciples, which they do not specify, but o f which they affirm the existence. Thirdly, they say that, therefore, it is the duty of every Catholic to aid in securing the return o f Mr. Cheetham. But w h y D u t y ? and w h y D u t y o f e v e r y C atholic ? And what is the distinction between views and principles in home legislation as distinguished from other legislation, which gives them a paramount claim upon the conscience, and makes it every Catholic’s duty to support the exponent o f them. These doubts and difficulties may perplex us who profess to feel the highest regard and respect for the Liverpool Catholic Club. But they do not at all perplex the first Protestant who reads the resolution. N ot understand i t !” he exclaims, “ not see what it means! W h y it is as clear as mud. I t is a fine manly Liberal and good old English sentiment, though somewhat muddled in the expression. But the meaning is unmistakeable. I t means, W e wont be bothered with the Pope. D on ’ t talk to us about the H oly Father, or the H oly See, or foreign politics. W e are the Catholic Club o f Liverpool.” W e shouldn’ t wonder i f the Protestant were right. The visit o f the K ing o f Prussia to the French Emperor at Chalons will not take place, and according to statements which the German papers vouch as authentic, the K in g ’s refusal is connected with im portant forthcom ing changes in the Government o f the Germanic Confederation. 'The King was originally disposed to accept the invitation, by liis anxiety respecting the fate o f the Rhenish Provinces. But in stead o f entering into nearer relations with Napoleon the Third, he would have much preferred to have come to an understanding with Austria fo r the adoption of precautionary measures agaiast French designs o f territorial aggrandisement at the expense o f Germany. But the old difficulty had to be surmounted, that Austria and Prussia were rivals in the Germanic Confederation, and were pitted against one another in the Germanic D iet at Erankfort. W e are told that to overcome this difficulty some Prussians o f rank, friendly to Austria, sought to arrive at an understanding with Count Rechbcrg by direct personal intercourse, and ascertained that in two most important (>oiii Is the Austrian Ministry was prepared to advise concessions to Prussia. Count Rechberg is said to have consented to the principle o f the introduction o f popular representation into the German Diet, and to have consented to withdraw opposition to certain proposals o f Prussia for a reform o f the military con stitution o f the Confederation. The first fruits o f these explanations are said to have been the abandonment o f the King o f Prussia’s visit to Chalons. — Baron Ricasoli, Count Cavour’s successor, has addressed a long note to the diplomatic representatives o f V icto r Emmanuel. The follow ing passage is the most im portant:— “ I f wo look back on the road we have traversed we may feel a legitimate satisfaction • if we look forward we see that the road is rude and difficult, and full o f snares and dangers, but we are not disheartened, and repeat with ju st pride that Italy is made ( c fa t t a ) . Yes, Italy is made, although a part o f Ita ly is still in the power o f the Foreigner, for we are certain that Europe, seeing us well organised well armed, and strong, will beoome convinced o f our right to possess the whole o f our territory, and will find a guaranty o f peace and repose in favouring the restoration o f the portion which is still wantingto us. s “ W e are certain that Europe learning to know us better will be persuaded that we, a people essentially Catholic, understand better than any one else the true interests o f the Church when we ask her strip herself o f the feudal rights which barbarism gave lier, and which are incompatible with civilisation— offering to her in exchang, her independence, and full and complete liberty in the exercise o f her sacred ministry, as well as the respect and gratitude o f a regenerate people.” Apropos to the unification o f Italy, and Baron Ricasoli’s argument from the unanimity o f the Representatives o f all the provinces o f Italy in the Parliament Turin, the follow ing official figures are WQrth studying. They have appeared in the Armouia, in the Imperial Moniteui at Paris, and in the Catholic papers. The law o f October, 1861, established that the number o f inhabitants to form each electoral college should not exceed 50,000, and that the number o f deputies should not be less than 400. The population o f the new State was reckoned to be 21,915,243. p 0Ur hundred and forty-eigh t electoral colleges were formed, i . e . , 49,470 inhabitants for each college, l h e number o f electors inscribed, is 419,938, divided as follows :— Electors Deputies. In Piedmont and Lombardy 154)028 1 } ! In the Neapolitan Provinces 144 In Sicily . . ... ... 46,176 48 In the 2Emilian Provinces . . ' l i ’ Itn 42 In Tuscany ... ... . . 37,/13 37 tu Umbria and the Marches 15,707 28 ( Now the total number o f those who actually voted t the elections was 242,367, or somewhat more than half the number o f those inscribed on the voters’ list, viz. :— In Piedmont and) Lombardy In the Neapolitan^ Provinces In Sicily In the j-Erailianl Provinces In Tuscany In the Marches^ ActHal voters Total population. j 81,535 } 85,157 36,718 } 15,498 16,714 7J 03,892 ■ 7,167,952 •• 2,309,172 ' 2,127,105 1,813,856 l ; 6,745 1,393,326 and Umbria But this is not all, for though out o f 419,938 inscribed electors, only 242,367 actually voted, they did not all vote on the same side, and when the number o f those who voted against the actual members o f the Parliament o f Turin is deducted, these representatives o f Italy are found to represent ju st 170,000 votes. Lieutenant-Colonels Louis and Guillamatta; Major Peter Quandel; tlie Captains Andrew Dupuy, Achilles Afan di Riveria. These officers are to be embarked to-day for Genoa. — The Piedmontese Government has succeeded in laying hands on a pamphlet, written by Joseph Mazzini, under the title, Alhasso la masehera; ovvero, el Re Galautnomo eel el suo cjoverno. “ O ff with the mask; or, K ing Gentleman and his government.” I t seems that Mazzini has somehow or other got possession o f documents which throw the fullest light upon the intrigues between Louis Napoleon and Count Cavour. Even, there are documents, the very existence o f which was kept so secret that most o f the Ministry knew nothing o f them, of which Mazzini is said to possess word for word copies. Seven documents, in part letters, in part formally registered contracts between the governments o f V icto r Emmanuel and Louis Napoleon, form the basis o f the pamphlet. O f special importance is the draft o f a treaty o f alliance between Louis Napoleon and V icto r Emmanuel, penned by Count Cavour, and dated June 21, 1858. This draft shows that not only the cession o f N ice and Savoy was contemplated, but the cession o f Sardinia, Liguria, Genoa, and eventually even o f Sicily, together with an offensive alliance against Austria and E n g land. This piece o f news is published by the Viennese Vaterland in a letter from Turin. But whether it be true or not we have no means o f knowing. i t a t f s t £ n t r l l i r j ; r n c c . — 00— ■ FRANCE. P a r i s , Aug. 15.—The Moniteur o f this morning announces that, on account of the national fete, the Emperor has either remitted or commuted the punishments o f 1,236 prisoners, of different categories, who had been condemned for civil crimes. The Moniteur also publishes a numerous list o f appointments to the Legion of Honour, and announces the arrival and warm reception of the Emperor at Chalons. The Morninq Post correspondent writes :— “ I may now assure you, on the highest authority, that the Emperor has no immediate intention o f withdrawing his army from the States of the Church. POLAND. Cracow, Aug. 15.—An important popular demonstration took place at Lublin (Russian Poland) on the 12th inst. The military commander, by his energy, however, suppressed the conflict without any more serious consequences than that a certain number of persons were wounded. — O f the Neapolitan insurrection against the Piedmontese invaders we have the follow ing accounts : Chiavone is at Sora with 200 men and three pieces o f artillery. The district o f Caserta is in insurrection. The fate o f Spinelli, destroyed by the Piedmontese because it sided with the Legitimists, has been already mentioned. Auletta is a small place 18 miles from Eboli. I t is built on a steep height, which the Legitimists occupied after driving out the Piedmontese, who took refuge in Eboli. Supported by the National Guards, they twice endeavoured to retake Auletta, but were repulsed. On this, more Piedmontese troops were sent from Naples, with artillery and the H ungarian Legion. Auletta was bombarded. The Legitimists made an obstinate resistance. The Piedmontese have acknowledged to have lost 77 killed and 307 wounded, but they penetrated into Auletta and burnt it to the ground. I11 the official report o f the Piedmontese the loss o f the Legitimists is set down as 100. On the 10th o f August the Popolo el'ltalia announced that the provinces o f Molise, Capitanate, and Benevento were become the head-quarters o f the insurrection, and that General Cialdini’s departure for Calabria was expected. General Pinelli, with his division, surrounded Mount Gargaro, having landed at Manfredonia with six battalions. He has everywhere signalised his arrival by pillage, incendiarism, and shooting men to death. The insurgents in the plain o f Corona are estimated to be 800 or 1,000 strong. There has been a fight at T ig lino, in Calabria. The Piedmontese and the “ Garde M o b i le ’ ’ were attacked, and beat a hasty retreat. A l l the neighbouring villages and parishes, with the white flag at their head, came to meet the conquerors. The Clergy came to welcome the Royalists, bearing the Most Blessed Sacrament, in procession, and singing hymns o f praise and thanks to God. A letter from Palermo, August 3, says :— “ The Bourbonist party, encouraged by the continued in surrections in Naples, is uplifting its head. In Olevazzo, near Palermo, a reactionary committee is said to be organising an insurrection. A strict but fruitless domiciliary visit has been paid to the Prince Spadasora, a Bourbonist. Many persons suspected o f Bourbonist sympathies have been expelled from the island.” The correspondent o f the Monde says that there have been formidable demonstrations at Palermo on the part o f the Mazzinians, and that the Piedmontese falsely charged them on the Royalists, whom they proceeded to baDish. The night , o f the 5th and 6th o f August in the C ity o f Naples was passed in the keenest apprehension o f an imminent assault. A l l the troops were under arms, and occupied the chief points o f the city . Four pieces o f artillery were posted in the Rue de Tox-do— the cannon on Fort Elmo were pointed. The forts had their bridges raised. I t was as i f Naples were surrounded by a victorious army. A report had been spread that a band o f Bourbonists were about to disembark near Puzzuoli. On the night o f the 7th, 8th, the same scene was re peated. The streets were filled with horse, foot, and National Guards. A descent o f the Royalists from Vomero and Posilippo was apprehended. A ll the hills o f Castellamare, Sarno, Vesuvius, and Puzzuoli are occupied by the “ Reactionary Bands.” W e present our readers with the names o f the Prelates, Canons, Priests, marshals, generals, brigadiers, and officers who were arrested by the Piedmon KINGDOM OF THE TWO SICILIES. The latest news from the Neapolitan provinces published by the official Gazette ofTurin, reaches to the 5th. A revolt had occurred at Laterza, Sant Eramo, and Casamassima. A detachment o f 50 National Guards hastened thither from Sciaia, leaving about 60 men behind for the protection of that place. During the absence of the detachment several bands attacked Sciaia at five different points, but were repulsed alter four hours hard fighting. SPAIN. Several of the Madrid journals of the 10th affirm tha partizans of Don Juan are endeavouring to get up dis • turbances in different parts of the country. AMERICA. N e w Y o r k , Aug. 3.—General Pillow has issued 0 proclamation stating that he will drive the Federals from Missouri. He has promised Governor Jackson to send 20,000 Confederates into that State. The escaped Federal prisoners state that General Beauregard intends to act on the defensive, and is fortifying Fairfax. _ . . The Missouri Convention has appointed a provisional Governor and State officers. Governor Wise and force have retired from Western Virginia, leaving behind them 1,000 muskets and kegs of powder in the hands of the Federals. Prince Napoleon has arrived at Washington. The Great Eastern arrived at her moorings off Liverpool in the Mersey at 8.30 this evening. She brings no news whatever from the United States. TH E RUM OURED P L O T A G A IN S T TH E CZAR. The Austrian Gazette of the 10th gives the following details in reference to an incident which has been magnified by the Paris journals into a plot against the life of the Czar:— “ A t the beginning of the present year the St. Petersburg journals published a strange notice, which was received by a majority of the public as a feuilletonuste pleasantry. It was stated that Alexander Hertzen, the well-known Russian refugee resident in London, was correctly informed of all that occurred in the mnner Court circles Of Russia, and in higher official quarters. Hertzen, it was said, wus cognisant of se.crets1enti usted to Ministers, and often even o f those known to but one Minister. Spies were sent to London, and_Hertzen was aware o f it beforehand, and even had their portraits. We learn (continues the Austrian Gazette) that Privy Councillor Schukoff has been suddenly afflicted with insanity. The first symptoms manifested themselves by Ms making insulting proposals to a lady, in a loud tone, in company ; then by a letter written to the Emperor 011 the next day, in which the Privy Councillor announced that he had been selected for Dictator of the Russian Republic ; and counselled the Emperor to abdicate voluntarily and make no useless resistance. A ll this was attributed to madness, and a domiciliary visit was paid to Schukoff’s house, with the object o f removing his papers, and preventing his making a wrong use of them. The visit led to the discovery of letters which showed clearly enough how Hertzen got his information, and, moreover, developed a plot. There was seized a continuous correspondence of the Councillor with Hertzen, and with a Grand Duchess with whom Schukoff was on terms of peculiar intimacy. The discovery has had a deep effect on the Emperor. It appears that the great lady in question, who was treated with unlimited confidence by Alexander Il.Joften used her influence to urge his Majesty to hasty measures, which Hertzen let out as he pleased in his publication called the Bell. tese in Naples on the night o f August 7, and trans ported next day without trial or form o f law- 1 hese are the names which we should like to have inscribed on the scroll which we should like to have hung round Lord Palmerston’s neck when seated in the cart in which we should like him to be driven from marketcross to market-cross in England, to beg pardon before God and man for the insolent mendacity o f his last speech about Naples. Last night the Government arrested nine reactionary Priests viz., M gr. Maresca, V icar o f the Cardinal o f Naples ; Mgr. 1 ica, Apostolic Penitentiary; the Canon ir a n g e l lo , and f our other Canons o f the Cathedral o f St. Januaries ; the Curé o f Sta. Maria la Scala ; and the Curé o f Sta. Lucia. . The Government at the same rime arrested twentyone superior officers o f the Bourbon army, viz.: Lieutenant-General Joseph S ig r is t ; Marshals John Rodriguez, Rodriguez Afan di Riveira, Janvier 1 ergo!a, Louis’ Tabacclii, the Brigadiers Nicolas di Martino, Janvier Marulli, Pabius Sergadi, Carmen Luvarii, Francis Antonelh, John d ’ Orgemont, Vincent Polizzi " — 1 T>" ’ — XT:~ ’ ~ - ----------- I he correspondent of the Morning Chronicle writes, the Emperor of the French, has, it is said, personally requested the Sultan not to allow his troops to engage in the threatened war againt Montenegro. , V ' l ’ ilE Missing Hull Steameb.--From intelligence vnlen has come to hand there is every reason to d . splendid screw-steamer Z. C. Pearson, of Hul 1 . , sea, after a collision with a schooner, on tbe.£;,,,7 Ween Bornholm and Gothland, in the Baltic.—H0 _ S ■ A letter from Rome, date August 4, says, the Revolutionists now occupy themselves by g v i „ naj’ azines: The bay store was burning at ,th®s]?Ji A l,l I,rascat! at the moment when the dying Aldobrandim was conveyed to the villa. I “ . . . . c soldiers quartered there succeeded with g(®a culty 111 saving the magnificent mansion from the flames. The Princess Aldobrandini was seized with fever at Porto d’Anzio where she was staying for s<>a bathing. The fever in a few hours reached an alarming height. The Princess had to leave her infant son at Porto d’Anzio. He was attacked by the same complaint, and died after his departure* ^he Was a daughter of the late mother’s departure, ww was a — 0—- --------- , Duke of Arenberg, ana is said to have inherited from JSmmapuel Palumbo, Nicolas C o lu c c i ; the him »bo«* 400,000/.—R. I, p